Stand-up Pouches
Stand-up Pouches Market 2019 By Material (PET (Polyethylene, Terephthalate), PE (Polyethylene), PP (Polypropylene), EVOH (Ethylene-vinyl Alcohol)), By Application (Food & Beverage, Home Care, Health Care, Pet Care) Forecast to 2025
Report ID: BMRC 2656 | Number of pages: 198 | Publish Date: Mar 2020 | Category: PackagingThe global stand-up pouches market has over the years been seeing a good amount of development and is further expected to grow in the next few years because of an increase in demand of these pouches in the packaging applications.
Scope of The Report:
Stand-up Pouches Market applies the most effective of each primary and secondary analysis to weighs upon the competitive landscape and also the outstanding market players expected to dominate Stand-up Pouches Market place for the forecast 2019– 2025.
The pouch refers to a container that is used for holding products however the stand-up pouch is one which has the capability of standing on their own. The base of such a pouch is called the bottom quzzet. This is extremely popular and used extensively in the flexible packaging. These are user friendly and provide the features like zipper reclosure, hang-hole features, attractive billboards and tear notches for the graphics and labels and therefore are used broadly in the industry of food and beverages.
The stand-up pouches show a lot of scope in the packaging applications such as the natural products, pet food, baby food and dry food packaging. The pouches have the ability of changing shape easily on product package basis. They go through a package process that is detailed and a conversion process which consists of the printing extrusion coating as well as lamination.
The global stand-up pouches market has been classified on the basis of form, type and application. On the basis of application, the global market has been segmented into the pet food, healthcare, food beverages, home care and personal as well as non-food. On the basis of type, the global stand-up pouches market is segmented further into the aseptic, retort and standard. On form basis, the market has been divided into round bottom, plow bottom, k-style and flat bottom among others.
Key Players in the Stand-up Pouches Market Report
The major players in the global stand-up pouches market which dominate the global market are the DOW Chemical Company, Berry Plastic corporation, Smurfit Kappa Group, Amcor Ltd. And the Bemis Company among others such as ProAmpac, Coating Excellence , Sealed Air as well as Sonoco.
Stand-up Pouches Market Key Market Segments:
By Material:
- PET (Polyethylene Terephthalate)
- PE (Polyethylene)
- PP (Polypropylene)
- EVOH (Ethylene-vinyl Alcohol)
- Other
By Application:
- Food & Beverage
- Home Care
- Health Care
- Pet Care
- Others
Better Aesthetic Value Leading To The Growth In The Global Stand-Up Pouches Market
The main factor which is driving the global stand-up pouches market growth is the appearance which is decorative of the stand-up pouches. One more factor which is leading to the wider acceptance of stand-up pouches is the features which it has like the better branding, easy handling and the lightweight along with the storage costs and shipping of these products. These offer the improved shelf visibility, flexibility and cost effectiveness in comparison to the glass which might give rise to the rise in the global stand-up pouches market growth. The rise in usage in the end-use market has been seeing the market grow all over the world as these pouches are effective in the prevention from the spoilage and also convenient for the users of the world. The key point which adds to the global stand-up pouches market is the good aesthetic appeal which it has and the freshness of food which it maintains. The negative factor though is the cost and the investment which is needed in the packaging line and the larger requirement of space for the products and these factors will be restraining the global stand-up pouches market growth.
Market by Regional Analysis
North America (USA, Canada, Mexico), Europe (UK, France, Germany, Russia, Rest of Europe), Asia-Pacific (China, South Korea, India, Japan, Rest of Asia-Pacific), LAMEA, Latin America, Middle East, Africa
Asia Pacific Is Expected To Be The Biggest Regional Player In Global Stand-Up Pouches Market
Asia-Pacific has been a region which has been growing at a fast rate because of the large market share and the rising number of people who belong to the middle class in the countries and the adoption in countries such as India and China. The other factors which are contributing to the growth of the market are the increase in the population in the countries of Asia Pacific which is expected to boost the growth of the market. The markets of Europe and North America will be following the growth of the global stand-up pouches market.
Table of Contents 1 Study Coverage 1.1 Stand-up Pouches Product 1.2 Key Market Segments in This Study 1.3 Key Manufacturers Covered 1.4 Market by Type 1.5 Market by Application 1.6 Study Objectives 1.7 Years Considered 2 Executive Summary 2.1 Global Stand-up Pouches Market Size 2.1.1 Global Stand-up Pouches Revenue 2014-2025 2.1.2 Global Stand-up Pouches Production 2014-2025 2.2 Stand-up Pouches Growth Rate (CAGR) 2019-2025 2.3 Analysis of Competitive Landscape 2.3.1 Manufacturers Market Concentration Ratio 2.3.2 Key Stand-up Pouches Manufacturers 2.3.2.1 Stand-up Pouches Manufacturing Base Distribution, Headquarters 2.3.2.2 Manufacturers Stand-up Pouches Product Offered 2.3.2.3 Date of Manufacturers Enter into Stand-up Pouches Market 2.4 Key Trends for Stand-up Pouches Markets & Products 3 Market Size by Manufacturers 3.1 Stand-up Pouches Production by Manufacturers 3.1.1 Stand-up Pouches Production by Manufacturers 3.1.2 Stand-up Pouches Production Market Share by Manufacturers 3.2 Stand-up Pouches Revenue by Manufacturers 3.2.1 Stand-up Pouches Revenue by Manufacturers (2014-2019) 3.2.2 Stand-up Pouches Revenue Share by Manufacturers (2014-2019) 3.3 Stand-up Pouches Price by Manufacturers 3.4 Mergers & Acquisitions, Expansion Plans 4 Stand-up Pouches Production by Regions 4.1 Global Stand-up Pouches Production by Regions 4.1.1 Global Stand-up Pouches Production Market Share by Regions 4.1.2 Global Stand-up Pouches Revenue Market Share by Regions 4.2 North America 4.2.1 North America Stand-up Pouches Production 4.2.2 North America Stand-up Pouches Revenue 4.2.3 Key Players in North America 4.2.4 North America Stand-up Pouches Import & Export 4.3 Europe 4.3.1 Europe Stand-up Pouches Production 4.3.2 Europe Stand-up Pouches Revenue 4.3.3 Key Players in Europe 4.3.4 Europe Stand-up Pouches Import & Export 4.4 China 4.4.1 China Stand-up Pouches Production 4.4.2 China Stand-up Pouches Revenue 4.4.3 Key Players in China 4.4.4 China Stand-up Pouches Import & Export 4.5 Japan 4.5.1 Japan Stand-up Pouches Production 4.5.2 Japan Stand-up Pouches Revenue 4.5.3 Key Players in Japan 4.5.4 Japan Stand-up Pouches Import & Export 5 Stand-up Pouches Consumption by Regions 5.1 Global Stand-up Pouches Consumption by Regions 5.1.1 Global Stand-up Pouches Consumption by Regions 5.1.2 Global Stand-up Pouches Consumption Market Share by Regions 5.2 North America 5.2.1 North America Stand-up Pouches Consumption by Application 5.2.2 North America Stand-up Pouches Consumption by Countries 5.2.3 United States 5.2.4 Canada 5.2.5 Mexico 5.3 Europe 5.3.1 Europe Stand-up Pouches Consumption by Application 5.3.2 Europe Stand-up Pouches Consumption by Countries 5.3.3 Germany 5.3.4 France 5.3.5 UK 5.3.6 Italy 5.3.7 Russia 5.4 Asia Pacific 5.4.1 Asia Pacific Stand-up Pouches Consumption by Application 5.4.2 Asia Pacific Stand-up Pouches Consumption by Regions 5.4.3 China 5.4.4 Japan 5.4.5 South Korea 5.4.6 India 5.4.7 Australia 5.4.8 Indonesia 5.4.9 Thailand 5.4.10 Malaysia 5.4.11 Philippines 5.4.12 Vietnam 5.5 Central & South America 5.5.1 Central & South America Stand-up Pouches Consumption by Application 5.5.2 Central & South America Stand-up Pouches Consumption by Country 5.5.3 Brazil 5.6 Middle East and Africa 5.6.1 Middle East and Africa Stand-up Pouches Consumption by Application 5.6.2 Middle East and Africa Stand-up Pouches Consumption by Countries 5.6.3 Turkey 5.6.4 GCC Countries 5.6.5 Egypt 5.6.6 South Africa 6 Market Size by Type 6.1 Global Stand-up Pouches Production by Type 6.2 Global Stand-up Pouches Revenue by Type 6.3 Stand-up Pouches Price by Type 7 Market Size by Application 7.1 Overview 7.2 Global Stand-up Pouches Breakdown Dada by Application 7.2.1 Global Stand-up Pouches Consumption by Application 7.2.2 Global Stand-up Pouches Consumption Market Share by Application (2014-2019) 8 Manufacturers Profiles 9 Production Forecasts 9.1 Stand-up Pouches Production and Revenue Forecast 9.1.1 Global Stand-up Pouches Production Forecast 2019-2025 9.1.2 Global Stand-up Pouches Revenue Forecast 2019-2025 9.2 Stand-up Pouches Production and Revenue Forecast by Regions 9.2.1 Global Stand-up Pouches Revenue Forecast by Regions 9.2.2 Global Stand-up Pouches Production Forecast by Regions 9.3 Stand-up Pouches Key Producers Forecast 9.3.1 North America 9.3.2 Europe 9.3.3 China 9.3.4 Japan 9.4 Forecast by Type 9.4.1 Global Stand-up Pouches Production Forecast by Type 9.4.2 Global Stand-up Pouches Revenue Forecast by Type 10 Consumption Forecast 10.1 Stand-up Pouches Consumption Forecast by Application 10.2 Stand-up Pouches Consumption Forecast by Regions 10.3 North America Market Consumption Forecast 10.3.1 North America Stand-up Pouches Consumption Forecast by Regions 2019-2025 10.3.2 United States 10.3.3 Canada 10.3.4 Mexico 10.4 Europe Market Consumption Forecast 10.4.1 Europe Stand-up Pouches Consumption Forecast by Regions 2019-2025 10.4.2 Germany 10.4.3 France 10.4.4 UK 10.4.5 Italy 10.4.6 Russia 10.5 Asia Pacific Market Consumption Forecast 10.5.1 Asia Pacific Stand-up Pouches Consumption Forecast by Regions 2019-2025 10.5.2 China 10.5.3 Japan 10.5.4 South Korea 10.5.5 India 10.5.6 Australia 10.5.7 Indonesia 10.5.8 Thailand 10.5.9 Malaysia 10.5.10 Philippines 10.5.11 Vietnam 10.6 Central & South America Market Consumption Forecast 10.6.1 Central & South America Stand-up Pouches Consumption Forecast by Regions 2019-2025 10.6.2 Brazil 10.7 Middle East and Africa Market Consumption Forecast 10.7.1 Middle East and Africa Stand-up Pouches Consumption Forecast by Regions 2019-2025 10.7.2 Turkey 10.7.3 GCC Countries 10.7.4 Egypt 10.7.5 South Africa 11 Value Chain and Sales Channels Analysis 11.1 Value Chain Analysis 11.2 Sales Channels Analysis 11.2.1 Stand-up Pouches Sales Channels 11.2.2 Stand-up Pouches Distributors 11.3 Stand-up Pouches Customers 12 Market Opportunities & Challenges, Risks and Influences Factors Analysis 12.1 Market Opportunities and Drivers 12.2 Market Challenges 12.3 Market Risks/Restraints 12.4 Porter’s Five Forces Analysis 13 Key Findings in the Global Stand-up Pouches Study 14 Appendix 14.1 Research Methodology 14.1.1 Methodology/Research Approach 14.1.1.1 Research Programs/Design 14.1.1.2 Market Size Estimation 14.1.1.3 Market Breakdown and Data Triangulation 14.1.2 Data Source 14.1.2.1 Secondary Sources 14.1.2.2 Primary Sources 14.2 Author Details 14.3 Disclaimer List of Tables and Figures Figure Stand-up Pouches Product Picture Table Stand-up Pouches Key Market Segments in This Study Table Key Manufacturers Stand-up Pouches Covered in This Study Table Global Stand-up Pouches Market Size Growth Rate by Type 2019-2025 & (Million US$) Figure Global Stand-up Pouches Production Market Share by Type in 2018 & 2025 Figure Fixed Stand-up Pouches Product Picture Table Major Manufacturers of Fixed Stand-up Pouches Figure Stand-up Pouches Product Picture Table Major Manufacturers of Portable Stand-up Pouches Table Global Stand-up Pouches Market Size Growth Rate by Application 2019-2025 Figure Global Stand-up Pouches Consumption Market Share by Application in 2018 & 2025 Figure Stand-up Pouches Report Years Considered Figure Global Stand-up Pouches Revenue 2014-2025 (Million US$) Figure Global Stand-up Pouches Production 2014-2025 Table Global Stand-up Pouches Market Size Growth Rate by Regions 2019-2025 & (Million US$) Table Global Manufacturers Market Concentration Ratio Table Stand-up Pouches Manufacturing Base Distribution and Headquarters Table Manufacturers Stand-up Pouches Product Offered Table Date of Manufacturers Enter into Stand-up Pouches Market Table Global Stand-up Pouches Production by Manufacturers (2014-2019) Table Global Stand-up Pouches Production Share by Manufacturers (2014-2019) Figure Global Stand-up Pouches Production Share by Manufacturers in 2018 Table Stand-up Pouches Revenue by Manufacturers (2014-2019) (Million US$) Table Stand-up Pouches Revenue Share by Manufacturers (2014-2019) Table Stand-up Pouches Price by Manufacturers 2014-2019 Table Mergers & Acquisitions, Expansion Plans Table Global Stand-up Pouches Production by Regions 2014-2019 Table Global Stand-up Pouches Production Market Share by Regions 2014-2019 Figure Global Stand-up Pouches Production Market Share by Regions 2014-2019 Figure Global Stand-up Pouches Production Market Share by Regions in 2018 Table Global Stand-up Pouches Revenue by Regions 2014-2019 (Million US$) Table Global Stand-up Pouches Revenue Market Share by Regions 2014-2019 Figure Global Stand-up Pouches Revenue Market Share by Regions 2014-2019 Figure Global Stand-up Pouches Revenue Market Share by Regions in 2018 Figure North America Stand-up Pouches Production and Growth Rate 2014-2019 Figure North America Stand-up Pouches Revenue and Growth Rate 2014-2019 (Million US$) Table North America Stand-up Pouches Import & Export Figure Europe Stand-up Pouches Production and Growth Rate 2014-2019 Figure Europe Stand-up Pouches Revenue and Growth Rate 2014-2019 (Million US$) Table Europe Stand-up Pouches Import & Export Figure China Stand-up Pouches Production and Growth Rate 2014-2019 Figure China Stand-up Pouches Revenue and Growth Rate 2014-2019 (Million US$) Table China Stand-up Pouches Import & Export Figure Japan Stand-up Pouches Production and Growth Rate 2014-2019 Figure Japan Stand-up Pouches Revenue and Growth Rate 2014-2019 (Million US$) Table Japan Stand-up Pouches Import & Export Table Global Stand-up Pouches Consumption by Regions 2014-2019 Table Global Stand-up Pouches Consumption Market Share by Regions 2014-2019 Figure Global Stand-up Pouches Consumption Market Share by Regions 2014-2019 Figure Global Stand-up Pouches Consumption Market Share by Regions in 2018 Figure North America Stand-up Pouches Consumption and Growth Rate (2014-2019) Table North America Stand-up Pouches Consumption by Application (2014-2019) Figure 2018 North America Stand-up Pouches Consumption Market Share by Application Table North America Stand-up Pouches Consumption by Countries (2014-2019) Figure 2018 North America Stand-up Pouches Consumption Market Share by Countries Figure United States Stand-up Pouches Consumption and Growth Rate (2014-2019) Figure Canada Stand-up Pouches Consumption and Growth Rate (2014-2019) Figure Mexico Stand-up Pouches Consumption and Growth Rate (2014-2019) Figure Europe Stand-up Pouches Consumption and Growth Rate (2014-2019) Table Europe Stand-up Pouches Consumption by Application (2014-2019) Figure 2018 Europe Stand-up Pouches Consumption Market Share by Application Table Europe Stand-up Pouches Consumption by Countries (2014-2019) Figure 2018 Europe Stand-up Pouches Consumption Market Share by Countries Figure Germany Stand-up Pouches Consumption and Growth Rate (2014-2019) Figure France Stand-up Pouches Consumption and Growth Rate (2014-2019) Figure UK Stand-up Pouches Consumption and Growth Rate (2014-2019) Figure Italy Stand-up Pouches Consumption and Growth Rate (2014-2019) Figure Russia Stand-up Pouches Consumption and Growth Rate (2014-2019) Figure Asia Pacific Stand-up Pouches Consumption and Growth Rate Table Asia Pacific Stand-up Pouches Consumption by Application (2014-2019) Table Asia Pacific Stand-up Pouches Consumption Market Share by Application (2014-2019) Table Asia Pacific Stand-up Pouches Consumption by Regions (2014-2019) Table Asia Pacific Stand-up Pouches Consumption Market Share by Countries (2014-2019) Figure China Stand-up Pouches Consumption and Growth Rate (2014-2019) Figure Japan Stand-up Pouches Consumption and Growth Rate (2014-2019) Figure South Korea Stand-up Pouches Consumption and Growth Rate (2014-2019) Figure India Stand-up Pouches Consumption and Growth Rate (2014-2019) Figure Australia Stand-up Pouches Consumption and Growth Rate (2014-2019) Figure Indonesia Stand-up Pouches Consumption and Growth Rate (2014-2019) Figure Thailand Stand-up Pouches Consumption and Growth Rate (2014-2019) Figure Malaysia Stand-up Pouches Consumption and Growth Rate (2014-2019) Figure Philippines Stand-up Pouches Consumption and Growth Rate (2014-2019) Figure Vietnam Stand-up Pouches Consumption and Growth Rate (2014-2019) Figure Central & South America Stand-up Pouches Consumption and Growth Rate Table Central & South America Stand-up Pouches Consumption by Application (2014-2019) Figure 2018 Central & South America Stand-up Pouches Consumption Market Share by Application Table Central & South America Stand-up Pouches Consumption by Countries (2014-2019) Figure Central & South America Stand-up Pouches Consumption Market Share by Countries Figure Brazil Stand-up Pouches Consumption and Growth Rate (2014-2019) Figure Middle East and Africa Stand-up Pouches Consumption and Growth Rate Table Middle East and Africa Stand-up Pouches Consumption by Application (2014-2019) Figure 2018 Middle East and Africa Stand-up Pouches Consumption Market Share by Application Table Middle East and Africa Stand-up Pouches Consumption by Countries (2014-2019) Figure Middle East and Africa Stand-up Pouches Consumption Market Share by Countries Figure Turkey Stand-up Pouches Consumption and Growth Rate (2014-2019) Figure GCC Countries Stand-up Pouches Consumption and Growth Rate (2014-2019) Figure Egypt Stand-up Pouches Consumption and Growth Rate (2014-2019) Figure South Africa Stand-up Pouches Consumption and Growth Rate (2014-2019) Table Global Stand-up Pouches Production by Type (2014-2019) Table Global Stand-up Pouches Production Share by Type (2014-2019) Figure Global Stand-up Pouches Production Market Share by Type (2014-2019) Figure Global Stand-up Pouches Production Market Share by Type in 2018 Table Global Stand-up Pouches Revenue by Type (2014-2019) (Million US$) Table Global Stand-up Pouches Revenue Share by Type (2014-2019) Figure Global Stand-up Pouches Revenue Market Share by Type (2014-2019) Figure Global Stand-up Pouches Revenue Market Share by Type in 2018 Table Stand-up Pouches Price by Type 2014-2019 Table Global Stand-up Pouches Consumption by Application (2014-2019) Table Global Stand-up Pouches Consumption by Application (2014-2019) Table Global Stand-up Pouches Consumption Share by Application (2014-2019) Figure Global Stand-up Pouches Consumption Market Share by Application (2014-2019) Figure Global Stand-up Pouches Production Forecast 2019-2025 Figure Global Stand-up Pouches Revenue Forecast 2019-2025 (Million US$) Table Global Stand-up Pouches Revenue Forecast 2019-2025 (Million US$) Table Global Stand-up Pouches Revenue Forecast by Regions 2019-2025 (Million US$) Figure Global Stand-up Pouches Revenue Forecast by Regions 2019-2025 (Million US$) Figure Global Stand-up Pouches Revenue Market Share Forecast by Regions 2019-2025 Table Global Stand-up Pouches Production Forecast by Regions 2019-2025 Figure Global Stand-up Pouches Production Forecast by Regions 2019-2025 Figure Global Stand-up Pouches Production Market Share Forecast by Regions 2019-2025 Figure North America Stand-up Pouches Production Forecast 2019-2025 Figure North America Stand-up Pouches Revenue Forecast 2019-2025 (Million US$) Figure Europe Stand-up Pouches Production Forecast 2019-2025 Figure Europe Stand-up Pouches Revenue Forecast 2019-2025 (Million US$) Figure China Stand-up Pouches Production Forecast 2019-2025 Figure China Stand-up Pouches Revenue Forecast 2019-2025 (Million US$) Figure Japan Stand-up Pouches Production Forecast 2019-2025 Figure Japan Stand-up Pouches Revenue Forecast 2019-2025 (Million US$) Table Global Stand-up Pouches Production Forecast by Type 2019-2025 Figure Global Stand-up Pouches Production Forecast by Type 2019-2025 Figure Global Stand-up Pouches Production Market Share Forecast by Type 2019-2025 Table Global Stand-up Pouches Revenue Forecast by Type 2019-2025 (Million US$) Figure Global Stand-up Pouches Revenue Forecast by Type 2019-2025 (Million US$) Figure Global Stand-up Pouches Revenue Market Share Forecast by Type 2019-2025 Table Global Stand-up Pouches Consumption Forecast by Application 2019-2025 Figure Global Stand-up Pouches Consumption Forecast by Application 2019-2025 Figure Global Stand-up Pouches Consumption Market Share Forecast by Application 2019-2025 Table Global Stand-up Pouches Consumption Forecast by Regions 2019-2025 Figure Global Stand-up Pouches Consumption Forecast by Regions 2019-2025 Figure Global Stand-up Pouches Consumption Market Share Forecast by Regions 2019-2025 Table North America Stand-up Pouches Consumption Forecast by Regions 2019-2025 Figure North America Stand-up Pouches Consumption Forecast 2019-2025 Figure United States Stand-up Pouches Consumption Forecast 2019-2025 Figure Canada Stand-up Pouches Consumption Forecast 2019-2025 Figure Mexico Stand-up Pouches Consumption Forecast 2019-2025 Table Europe Stand-up Pouches Consumption Forecast by Regions 2019-2025 Figure Europe Stand-up Pouches Consumption Forecast 2019-2025 Figure Germany Stand-up Pouches Consumption Forecast 2019-2025 Figure France Stand-up Pouches Consumption Forecast 2019-2025 Figure UK Stand-up Pouches Consumption Forecast 2019-2025 Figure Italy Stand-up Pouches Consumption Forecast 2019-2025 Figure Russia Stand-up Pouches Consumption Forecast 2019-2025 Table Asia Pacific Stand-up Pouches Consumption Forecast by Regions 2019-2025 Figure Asia Pacific Stand-up Pouches Consumption Forecast 2019-2025 Figure China Stand-up Pouches Consumption Forecast 2019-2025 Figure Japan Stand-up Pouches Consumption Forecast 2019-2025 Figure South Korea Stand-up Pouches Consumption Forecast 2019-2025 Figure India Stand-up Pouches Consumption Forecast 2019-2025 Figure Australia Stand-up Pouches Consumption Forecast 2019-2025 Figure Indonesia Stand-up Pouches Consumption Forecast 2019-2025 Figure Thailand Stand-up Pouches Consumption Forecast 2019-2025 Figure Malaysia Stand-up Pouches Consumption Forecast 2019-2025 Figure Philippines Stand-up Pouches Consumption Forecast 2019-2025 Figure Vietnam Stand-up Pouches Consumption Forecast 2019-2025 Table Central & South America Stand-up Pouches Consumption Forecast by Regions 2019-2025 Figure Central & South America Stand-up Pouches Consumption Forecast 2019-2025 Figure Brazil Stand-up Pouches Consumption Forecast 2019-2025 Table Middle East and Africa Stand-up Pouches Consumption Forecast by Regions 2019-2025 Figure Middle East and Africa Stand-up Pouches Consumption Forecast 2019-2025 Figure Turkey Stand-up Pouches Consumption Forecast 2019-2025 Figure GCC Countries Stand-up Pouches Consumption Forecast 2019-2025 Figure Egypt Stand-up Pouches Consumption Forecast 2019-2025 Figure South Africa Stand-up Pouches Consumption Forecast 2019-2025 Figure Stand-up Pouches Value Chain Table Stand-up Pouches Distributors List Table Stand-up Pouches Customers List Table Research Programs/Design for This Report Figure Bottom-up and Top-down Approaches for This Report Figure Data Triangulation Table Key Data Information from Secondary Sources Table Key Data Information from Primary Sources